NEW ARTICLE: Use of enzymes to elucidate the factors contributing to bitterness in rye flavour

Monday, 16 January 2012 14:00

In spite of the health-beneficial character of whole grain rye its use may be limited because of bitter taste. The impact of various processing techniques such as fractionation and fermentation on the flavour of rye has been widely studied. The study of Heiniö et al (2011) concerns the effects of enzymes on the perceived flavour.Different types of commercial enzymes were used to modify the composition of rye flour and after that the perceived rye flavour was determined.

The impact of non-volatile chemical compounds on the bitter taste of rye was analysed by the aid of enzymatic hydrolysis, releasing potentially flavour-active compounds from the rye matrix. Whole grain rye flour– water suspension was treated with hydrolytic enzymes, where after portions of the rye suspensions were baked into crackers, assessed for their sensory profile as well as solubilised hydrolysis products.

Heat treatment reduced the perceived bitterness. The treatment with enzyme preparation with high protease activity increased the bitterness of rye and also wheat flour both as suspension and as crackers. Other enzymes tested (with high polygalacturonase, endo-glucanase, xylanase or amyloglucosidase activity) had no significant impact on the perceived bitterness. Thus, small molecular weight peptides were considered to be a significant contributor to the bitter note of rye.

Reference:
Heiniö, Raija-Liisa; Nordlund, Emilia; Poutanen, Kaisa; Buchert, Johanna. Use of enzymes to elucidate the factors contributing to bitterness in rye flavour. Food Research International. Vol. 45 (2012) No: 1, 31-38

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